Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics

Article Title: Solvent-free temperature-facilitated direct extrusion 3D printing for pharmaceuticals.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120305

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1. (A) Set-up for direct extrusion 3D printing. The printer is equipped with a metal syringe surrounded by temperature-controlled heating jacket. The syringe is fitted with a luer-lock stainless steel needle (G18) and the pharmaceutical ink (compressed powder) is added. The ink is then extruded by a piston pushed by computer-controlled stepper motor equipped with gear to produce 3D printed tablet. (B) Top and (C) side photographs of 3D printed tablets based on Eudragit RL: RS: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100.

Article Snippet: The morphology of the external and cross-sectional surfaces of the 3D printed tablets was assessed using a JCM-6000 plus NeoScopeTM microscope (Jeol, Tokyo, Japan) at 10 kV.

Techniques:

Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics

Article Title: Solvent-free temperature-facilitated direct extrusion 3D printing for pharmaceuticals.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120305

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4. TGA thermal degradation profiles of raw theophylline, Eudragit RL, Eudragit RS, TEC, GMS, and 3D printed tablets based on Eudragit RL: RS: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100.

Article Snippet: The morphology of the external and cross-sectional surfaces of the 3D printed tablets was assessed using a JCM-6000 plus NeoScopeTM microscope (Jeol, Tokyo, Japan) at 10 kV.

Techniques:

Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics

Article Title: Solvent-free temperature-facilitated direct extrusion 3D printing for pharmaceuticals.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120305

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6. XRD of raw theophylline, Eudragit RL, Eudragit RS, TEC, GMS, and 3D printed tablets based on Eudragit RL: RS: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100.

Article Snippet: The morphology of the external and cross-sectional surfaces of the 3D printed tablets was assessed using a JCM-6000 plus NeoScopeTM microscope (Jeol, Tokyo, Japan) at 10 kV.

Techniques:

Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics

Article Title: Solvent-free temperature-facilitated direct extrusion 3D printing for pharmaceuticals.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120305

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5. DSC thermograph of raw theophylline, Eudragit RL, Eudragit RS, TEC, GMS, and 3D printed tablets based on Eudragit RL: RS: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100.

Article Snippet: The morphology of the external and cross-sectional surfaces of the 3D printed tablets was assessed using a JCM-6000 plus NeoScopeTM microscope (Jeol, Tokyo, Japan) at 10 kV.

Techniques:

Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics

Article Title: Solvent-free temperature-facilitated direct extrusion 3D printing for pharmaceuticals.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120305

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7. SEM images of side-view (A1, B1, C1, D1 and E1), top view (A2, B2, C2, D2 and E2) and cross sections of 3D printed tablets based on Eudragit RL: RS: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 respectively.

Article Snippet: The morphology of the external and cross-sectional surfaces of the 3D printed tablets was assessed using a JCM-6000 plus NeoScopeTM microscope (Jeol, Tokyo, Japan) at 10 kV.

Techniques:

Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics

Article Title: Solvent-free temperature-facilitated direct extrusion 3D printing for pharmaceuticals.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120305

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 8. In vitro release of theophylline from 3D printed tablets based on Eudragit RL: RS: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 using pH-change USPII dissolution test (pH 1.2 for 2 h followed by pH 6.8 for 10 h, n = 3, ±SD).

Article Snippet: The morphology of the external and cross-sectional surfaces of the 3D printed tablets was assessed using a JCM-6000 plus NeoScopeTM microscope (Jeol, Tokyo, Japan) at 10 kV.

Techniques: In Vitro, Dissolution

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Preparation and tumor cell model based biobehavioral evaluation of the nanocarrier system using partially reduced graphene oxide functionalized by surfactant

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S82354

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microscopic morphology investigations of PSSG. Notes: ( A ) SEM image of the undulating surface of PSSG. ( B ) Paper-like, single-layer or partially folded rGO sheets. ( C ) AFM images with height profiles of GO; ( D ) and PSSG. Abbreviations: PSSG, PSS-decorated nanographene; PSS, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate); SEM, scanning electron microscopy; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; AFM, atomic force microscopy; rGO, reduced graphene oxide.

Article Snippet: To analyze the surface topography, size, and thickness of samples, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed on a MFP-3D-BIO (Oxford Instruments, Abingdon, UK) and a JSM-7500F (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

Techniques: Electron Microscopy, Transmission Assay, Microscopy

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Preparation and tumor cell model based biobehavioral evaluation of the nanocarrier system using partially reduced graphene oxide functionalized by surfactant

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S82354

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fluorescence colocalization assay by confocal microscopy to determine biodistribution. Notes: MCF-7 cells were treated with free EPI (controls a, b, and c) or PSSG–EPI for 2 hours, showing weak fluorescence ( A ), 8 hours, showing stronger green fluorescence at the perinuclear region ( B ), and 24 hours, showing strong fluorescence in the nucleus ( C ), respectively. Abbreviations: EPI, epirubicin; PSSG, PSS-decorated nanographene; PSS, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate); LTR, Lyso-Tracker Red.

Article Snippet: To analyze the surface topography, size, and thickness of samples, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed on a MFP-3D-BIO (Oxford Instruments, Abingdon, UK) and a JSM-7500F (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Confocal Microscopy

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Preparation and tumor cell model based biobehavioral evaluation of the nanocarrier system using partially reduced graphene oxide functionalized by surfactant

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S82354

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cellular uptake and internalization of nanomaterial observed with TEM. Notes: MCF-7 cells were untreated ( A ) or treated with PSSG (10 μg/mL) for 3 hours ( B and C ) and 24 hours ( D – F ) before TEM examination. As seen in ( B ) and ( C ), the nanomaterial was recruited and gathered together near the cell membrane, but outside the cell, showing that no rejection reaction occurred between tumor cells and nanomaterial. In addition, some nanosheets of PSSG were trapped by the pseudopod-like structures and surrounded by cell membrane, which indicates that the cellular uptake of PSSG initiated through the endocytic pathway, while in ( D ) and ( E ), the nanomaterial was found inside the phagocytic vesicles in the cytoplasm, showing evident uptake of nanocarriers. Finally, in ( F ), small amounts of PSSG sheets (blue arrows) escaped from phagocytic vesicles and were released in the cytoplasm. Green and white arrows indicate the cell nucleus and membrane, respectively. Red arrows point to the interface of nanomaterial and cell membrane. Yellow arrows point to the phagocytic vesicles in cytoplasm. Abbreviations: PSSG, PSS-decorated nanographene; PSS, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate); TEM, transmission electron microscopy.

Article Snippet: To analyze the surface topography, size, and thickness of samples, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed on a MFP-3D-BIO (Oxford Instruments, Abingdon, UK) and a JSM-7500F (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

Techniques: Membrane, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy